1. Maximum-compute o-series model

• Uses significantly more compute per query compared to o1.
• Produces deeper, more reliable reasoning chains.
• Best suited for high-stakes tasks that need correctness over speed.

2. Trained with reinforcement learning for deliberate thinking

• Explicit "think-before-answer" architecture.
• Excels at complex reasoning requiring multi-step analysis.

3. Very strong at math, science, coding, and technical proofs

• Handles long derivations, algorithm design, and difficult logic problems.
• Produces structured and explainable reasoning trails.

4. Great for multi-turn reasoning workflows

• Responses API optimized: can think over multiple internal turns before responding.
• Ideal for agentic reasoning pipelines.

5. Large context window

• 200,000-token context for large documents, multi-file review, and long reasoning traces.

6. Multimodal input (text + image)

• Can analyze images for mathematical diagrams, charts, handwritten content, UI layouts, etc.
• Output is text only.

7. Consistency, reliability, and depth

• Designed for situations where accuracy matters more than latency or cost.
• Strong error-checking and self-correction abilities.

1. State-of-the-art reasoning performance

• #1 on LMArena human preference leaderboard.
• Excels at advanced reasoning benchmarks like GPQA and AIME 2025.
• Achieves 18.8% on Humanity's Last Exam (no tools), representing frontier human-level reasoning.

2. New “thinking model” architecture

• Built with explicit reasoning steps internally before responding.
• Handles complex, multi-stage logic with higher accuracy and fewer hallucinations.

3. Elite science and mathematics capabilities

• Leads in math and science tasks across industry benchmarks.
• High performance without costly inference tricks like majority voting.

4. Exceptional coding abilities

• Major leap over Gemini 2.0 in coding performance.
• 63.8% on SWE-Bench Verified with custom agent setup.
• Strong at code transformation, debugging, and building agentic apps.
• Capable of generating full applications (e.g., a playable video game) from a single-line prompt.

5. Massive multimodal context

• Ships with a 1,000,000 token window (2M coming soon).
• Handles entire documents, datasets, video sequences, audio files, and large codebases.
• Maintains strong performance even at extreme context lengths.

6. Native multimodality across all inputs

• Understands and reasons over text, images, audio, video, and code.
• Designed for real-world, multi-source problem-solving and agent workflows.

7. Consistent high-quality outputs

• Improved post-training results in more accurate, coherent, and stylistically strong responses.
• Higher reliability across complex workloads.

8. Early availability for developers

• Available today in Google AI Studio for experimentation.
• Coming soon to Vertex AI with higher rate limits and production-ready access.