GPT-5.4 vs GPT-5.1 Codex
Compare pricing, context windows, and strengths for GPT-5.4 by OpenAI and GPT-5.1 Codex by OpenAI - and see how to put either to work in Appaca.
GPT-5.4
OpenAI's frontier model for complex professional work with best intelligence at scale for agentic, coding, and professional workflows.
View GPT-5.4GPT-5.1 Codex
Version of GPT-5.1 optimized for agentic coding inside Codex and similar environments, with strong reasoning and multimodal support.
View GPT-5.1 CodexGPT-5.4 vs GPT-5.1 Codex at a glance
Specs and pricing side by side, from the Appaca AI models directory.
| Spec | GPT-5.4 | GPT-5.1 Codex |
|---|---|---|
| Provider | OpenAI | OpenAI |
| Model type | Text | Text |
| Context window | 1.05M tokens | 400K tokens |
| Input price | $2.5 / 1M tokens | $1.25 / 1M tokens |
| Output price | $15 / 1M tokens | $10 / 1M tokens |
| Status | Current | Superseded by GPT-5.2 Codex |
How GPT-5.4 and GPT-5.1 Codex differ
What the numbers mean in practice when choosing between GPT-5.4 and GPT-5.1 Codex.
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GPT-5.1 Codex is 50% cheaper on input tokens ($1.25 vs $2.5 per million), which adds up quickly in document-heavy workloads.
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GPT-5.1 Codex is 33% cheaper on output tokens ($10 vs $15 per million) - the bigger factor for tools that generate long documents.
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GPT-5.4's 1.05M tokens context window is roughly 2.6x larger than GPT-5.1 Codex's 400K tokens, so it can work across bigger codebases, contracts, or archives in one pass.
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GPT-5.1 Codex has been superseded by GPT-5.2 Codex - for new builds, consider the newer model first.
Strengths side by side
Where each model shines, according to benchmarks and provider positioning.
GPT-5.4
1. Best Intelligence at Scale
- OpenAI positions GPT-5.4 as its frontier model for agentic, coding, and professional workflows.
- Built for complex professional work where stronger reasoning and higher answer quality matter.
2. Configurable Reasoning + Multimodal Input
- Supports configurable reasoning effort from none to xhigh, letting teams balance speed and depth.
- Accepts both text and image inputs while producing text output.
3. Massive Context for Long-Running Work
- 1.05M token context window supports very large codebases, documents, and multi-step workflows.
- Allows up to 128 k output tokens for long-form answers and larger generations.
4. Updated Knowledge & Broad Tool Support
- Knowledge cut-off of Aug 31 2025 keeps it current for newer frameworks and business context.
- Supports tools like web search, file search, code interpreter, hosted shell, computer use, and MCP in the Responses API.
GPT-5.1 Codex
1. Purpose-Built for Agentic Coding
- Designed specifically for environments where the model acts as an autonomous or semi-autonomous coding agent.
- Optimized for multi-step reasoning in code tasks such as planning, refactoring, debugging, file generation, and tool coordination.
2. Enhanced Coding Intelligence
- Extends GPT-5.1's advanced reasoning capabilities to handle complex software architecture decisions.
- Better accuracy in code generation across languages (JavaScript, Python, TypeScript, Go, Rust, etc.).
- Produces cleaner, more idiomatic code aligned with modern frameworks and best practices.
3. Superior Tool Use & Code Navigation
- Excels at reading, understanding, and transforming multi-file codebases.
- Works well with Codex workflows that simulate real developer tooling.
- Strong at following function signatures, constraints, and code patterns within an existing project.
4. Long-Range Context Awareness
- 400,000-token context window enables the model to ingest large repositories or multiple files simultaneously.
- Supports deep analysis of project structures, dependencies, and cross-file logic.
5. Multi-Modal Development Capabilities
- Accepts text + image input and output - suitable for tasks like:
- Reading UI mockups or screenshots to generate code
- Understanding architectural diagrams
- Reviewing images of whiteboard sessions
6. Agentic Workflow Optimization
- Built to manage longer chains of thought and execution typically required in:
- Automated code repair
- Project bootstrapping
- Linting and migration tasks
- Long-running coding agents using planning + execution loops
7. Continually Updated Model Snapshot
- Codex-specific version receives regular upgrades behind the scenes.
- Ensures the latest coding improvements without requiring developers to update model names.
8. Reliable Instruction Following
- Highly consistent in honoring explicit constraints:
- Code styles
- Folder structures
- API contracts
- Framework conventions
9. Broad API Support
- Works across Chat Completions, Responses API, Realtime, Assistants, and more.
- Ideal for apps that need live, reasoning-heavy coding agents or generative dev environments.
Use GPT-5.4 or GPT-5.1 Codex - or both
Appaca is the AI workspace for operators. Build internal tools and AI co-workers powered by GPT-5.4 or GPT-5.1 Codex - connected to your real data and ready for your whole team. No code, no deployment.
Describe it, and it's built
Tell the Appaca agent the internal tool you need and it builds a working app powered by GPT-5.4 or GPT-5.1 Codex. No code, no API keys, no deployment.
Switch models without rebuilding
Start on GPT-5.4, test the same tool on GPT-5.1 Codex, and keep whichever performs better - the rest of your app stays exactly as it is.
Automated for the whole team
Schedule tools to run on autopilot - daily digests, weekly reports, real-time triggers - and share them with your whole team from one workspace.
Describe it, and it's built
Tell the Appaca agent what your team needs and it builds a working app powered by GPT-5.4 or GPT-5.1 Codex - connected to the tools you already use.
Related comparisons
See how GPT-5.4 and GPT-5.1 Codex stack up against other models in the directory.
FAQs
GPT-5.1 Codex is generally cheaper: $1.25 input / $10 output per million tokens, versus $2.5 / $15 for GPT-5.4. Actual cost depends on how many tokens your workload reads and writes.
GPT-5.4 has the larger context window at 1.05M tokens, compared to 400K tokens for GPT-5.1 Codex. A larger window means the model can consider more text at once - useful for long contracts, codebases, or months of records.
It depends on the job. Compare the pricing, context window, and strengths above against your workload - and remember the choice isn't permanent. In Appaca you can build a tool on GPT-5.4, test the same tool on GPT-5.1 Codex, and switch at any time without rebuilding anything.
Yes. Appaca is a no-code AI workspace: describe the internal tool your team needs and the Appaca agent builds it as a working app powered by GPT-5.4, GPT-5.1 Codex, or any other model in the directory - with a built-in database, team access, and integrations. No API keys to wire up and nothing to deploy.
Build AI tools with GPT-5.4 or GPT-5.1 Codex
Describe the tool your team needs and get a working app powered by the model you choose - with a built-in database, team access, and integrations. No code, no deployment.